feat: statusline API, counts, and PendingStatusChanged event (#40)

Problem: no way to know about overdue or due-today tasks without
opening :Pending. No ambient awareness for statusline plugins.

Solution: add counts(), statusline(), and has_due() public API
functions backed by a module-local cache that recomputes after every
store.save() and store.load(). Fire a User PendingStatusChanged event
on every recompute. Extract is_overdue() and is_today() from duplicate
locals into parse.lua as public functions. Refactor views.lua and
init.lua to use the shared date logic. Add vimdoc API section and
integration recipes for lualine, heirline, manual statusline, startup
notification, and event-driven refresh.

lua/pending/parse.lua

@@ -516,4 +516,39 @@ function M.command_add(text)
   return M.body(text)
 end
 
+---@param due string
+---@return boolean
+function M.is_overdue(due)
+  local now = os.date('*t') --[[@as osdate]]
+  local today = os.date('%Y-%m-%d') --[[@as string]]
+  local date_part, time_part = due:match('^(.+)T(.+)$')
+  if not date_part then
+    return due < today
+  end
+  if date_part < today then
+    return true
+  end
+  if date_part > today then
+    return false
+  end
+  local current_time = string.format('%02d:%02d', now.hour, now.min)
+  return time_part < current_time
+end
+
+---@param due string
+---@return boolean
+function M.is_today(due)
+  local now = os.date('*t') --[[@as osdate]]
+  local today = os.date('%Y-%m-%d') --[[@as string]]
+  local date_part, time_part = due:match('^(.+)T(.+)$')
+  if not date_part then
+    return due == today
+  end
+  if date_part ~= today then
+    return false
+  end
+  local current_time = string.format('%02d:%02d', now.hour, now.min)
+  return time_part >= current_time
+end
+
 return M